Abstract:
The prospective utilization of bael shell (Aegle marmelos) as an agro-waste for the production
of biochar was investigated along with its characterization and application for the abatement of
hazardous aqueous Patent Blue (PB) dye solution. The sorptive removal of PB on bael shell biochar
(BSB) was investigated under the following operational conditions: (pH, 2.7–10.4; biochar dosage,
2–12 g/L; and contact time, 0–60 min). The removal efficiency of PB by BSB in a batch adsorption
experiment was 74% (pH 2.7 and 30 ± 5
◦C). In addition, a clear relationship between the adsorption
and pH of the solution was noticed and the proposed material recorded a maximum sorption capacity
of 3.7 mg/g at a pH of 2.7. The adsorption of PB onto BSB was best explained by the pseudo-second
order kinetic model (R2 = 0.972), thereby asserting the predominant role of chemisorption. The active
role of multiple surface-active functionalities present on BSB during PB sorption was elucidated with
the help of Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.968). Further, an adsorption mechanism was proposed by
utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
