Abstract:
Use of waste or by-products from different industries and the agricultural sector has received
increasing attention in the scientific, technology, ecological, economic and social spheres in
recent years. Rice husk (RH) is a by-product of rice milling and rice husk ash (RHA) is
generated by combustion in a separate boiler. Both RH and RHA are abundantly accessible
in rice growing countries such as China, India, Brazil, the USA, and Southeast Asia. RH has
therefore been recycled by burning it for energy production. This generates RHA, which
contains a huge quantity (85–95%) of amorphous silica. Over the past two decades, RHA has
been used extensively in numerous fields for manufacturing of different silicates, zeolites,
catalysts, nanocomposite, cement, lightweight construction materials, insulators, and adsorbents. This paper presents a comprehensive overview on the processing of nano-silica from
RH/RHA. It tries at the same time, to present a critical review of the application of RHA as an
ingredient for the production of various ceramic materials, e.g. refractory, glass, whiteware,
oxide and non-oxide ceramics, silica aerogel and SiO2/C composites. In summary, amorphous
silica derived from RHA or RH provides a potential alternative to conventional silica sources
(e.g. quartz) for the manufacture of value-added ceramics for practical applications.
